EVALUATION OF THE AEROLOGICAL CONDITION DURING OPEN-PIT MINING OPERATIONS BASED ON THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELS OF QUARRIES
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Abstract
The relevance lies in the need to improve the existing production system for monitoring and forecasting mining conditions and to increase industrial safety during blasting operations and intensive operation of mining equipment. In the context of production growth, which involves an increase in production volumes and the size of the open pit, changes in the surrounding landscape, in particular, due to storage and the subsequent transition to mining from the lower horizons of the open pit, building a predictive model of the nature of air currents and the composition of the atmosphere is a prerequisite for planning mining operations. The purpose of the research is the mathematical and computer simulation of the process of movement of particles of different fractions of dust and gas clouds in the air of the surface layers of quarries and adjacent working areas of mining enterprises for further development and implementation of individual and collective protection systems for workers. Results of the research: The possibility of using three-dimensional computer simulation to assess and predict the state of the atmosphere in quarries in order to obtain visual and quantitative information on the distribution of air flows throughout the modeled space, including the surface layers of the quarry and the surrounding area, under certain meteorological conditions, was proved. The known dependencies of dust pollution dispersion were improved to take into account the particle size and the quarry topography for the first time, which allowed us to create a mathematical basis for further computer simulation. The obtained values of dust intensity in the lower part of the wind speed range are close to the "maximum specific dust blowing" indicator, which is used by specialists of design organizations when developing the documentation necessary to establish the absence of excessive impact on both environmental components and the health of workers. Conclusions: prospects for further research should include model accuracy, emission factors, and data integration.
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